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Every day, Americans throw away 500 million plastic straws, enough to circle the Earth twice, or fill 125 school buses. æ¯å¤©¾ŸŽå›½äººéƒ½è¦æ‰”æŽ?äº¿æ ¹å¡‘æ–™å¸ç®¡åQŒèƒö以绕地çƒä¸¤åœˆåQŒæˆ–者装æ»?25è¾†æ ¡è½¦ã€?
Made from fossil fuels, they are almost never recycled because they're too small and could be made from several different types of plastic. They simply contribute to the massive problem of plastic pollution; eight million tons of plastic is dumped into the oceans every year. 用化石燃料制æˆçš„å¡‘æ–™å¸ç®¡å‡ 乎从æ¥ä¸ä¼šè¢«å›žæ”¶åˆ©ç”¨ï¼Œå› äؓ它们体积太å°åQŒè€Œä¸”å¯èƒ½æ˜¯ç”±å¥½å‡ ¿Uä¸åŒç±»åž‹çš„塑料制æˆçš„。这些帽Ž¡ç›´æŽ¥åŠ 剧了塑料污染的严é‡é—®é¢˜ï¼Œæ¯å¹´éƒ½ä¼šæœ?00万å¨å¡‘料被們ր’è¿›‹¹äh´‹ä¸ã€?
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Plastic straws are now the target of a growing movement to reduce their use. Possibly the first of such campaigns, Be Straw Free was started in 2011 by Milo Cress, who was only nine years old at the time. "I noticed that whenever I ordered a drink at a restaurant, it would usually come with a straw in it, and I don't usually need a straw," he said. 现在以凞®‘塑料帽Ž¡ä‹É用é‡ä¸ºç›®æ ‡çš„˜q动‘Šæ¥‘Šå¤šã€‚“ä¸ç”¨å¸½Ž¡â€å¯èƒ½æ˜¯½W¬ä¸€åœø™¿™æ ïLš„˜q动åQŒè¯¥˜q动åœ?011òq´ç”±òq´ä»…9å²çš„¾c³ç½—•克é›äh–¯å‘è“v。克é›äh–¯è¯ß_¼šâ€œæˆ‘注æ„刎ͼŒæ— 论何时我在˜¡åŽ…ç‚šw¥®æ–™ï¼Œæ¯å里æ€ÖM¼šæœ‰å¸½Ž¡ï¼Œè€Œæˆ‘一般ä¸éœ€è¦å¸½Ž¡ã€‚â€?
"This seemed like a huge waste. Straws are made of oil, a precious and finite resource. Is making single-use plastic straws, which will be used for a matter of minutes before being tossed away, really what we want to do with this resource?" “这看è“væ¥æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªå·¨å¤§çš„‹¹ªè´¹ã€‚塑料帽Ž¡æ˜¯ç”¨çŸ³æ²¹åˆ¶æˆçš„åQŒè€ŒçŸ³æ²ÒŽ(gu¨©)˜¯ä¸€¿Uå®è´ëŠš„有é™èµ„æºã€‚用çŸÏxÑa生äñ”æ‰ç”¨å‡ 分钟就丢掉的一‹Æ¡æ€§å¸½Ž¡ï¼Œæˆ‘们真的惌™¿™ä¹ˆåˆ©ç”¨èµ„æºå—åQŸâ€?
Cress started asking restaurants in Burlington, Vermont, where he lived at the time, to stop providing straws automatically to customers and make them optional instead. Many agreed and his request made ripples nationwide. He says that restaurants that make the switch report a reduction in the number of straws they use between 50 and 80%. 克雷斯开始请求他当时的居ä½åœ°ä½?j¨©ng)蒙特州伯絙å¿çš„˜¡åŽ…åœæ¢è‡ªåŠ¨ä¸ºé¡¾å®¢æ供帽Ž¡ï¼Œæ”¹äؓ自选。许多é¤åŽ…都åŒæ„了，他的è¯äh±‚产生的媄å“åƒæ¶Ÿæ¼ªä¸€èˆ¬åœ¨å…¨å›½æ‰©æ•£å¼€æ¥ã€‚ä»–è¯ß_¼Œåšå‡ºæ”¹å˜çš„é¤åŽ…报告说åQŒæ‰€ç”¨çš„å¸ç®¡æ•°é‡å‡å°‘äº?0%åˆ?0%ã€?
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The anti-straw sentiment has crossed borders into the UK, where straws have been included in a government plan to ban all plastic waste by 2042. Last year, large pub chain Wetherspoons announced that it would replace plastic straws with paper alternatives across 900 outlets. After the announcement, many smaller chains and pubs across the country followed suit. According to Wetherspoons CEO John Hutson, the move will save 70 million plastic straws a year and the reaction from patrons has been "very positive." å帽Ž¡çƒæ½®è¿˜æ‰©æ•£åˆîCº†è‹±å›½åQŒå¸½Ž¡è¢«¾U›_…¥äº†è‹±å›½æ”¿åºœåœ¨2042òq´å‰¼›æ¢æ‰€æœ‰å¡‘料垃圄¡š„计划。去òqß_¼Œå¤§åž‹˜qžé”é…’å§Wetherspoons宣布åQŒå°†åœ?00家分店ä¸æŠŠå¡‘料帽Ž¡æ›¿æ¢äØ“¾U¸å¸½Ž¡ã€‚在˜q™ä¹‹åŽï¼Œè‹±å›½è®¸å¤šä¸å°åž‹è¿žé”店和酒å§çº·¾Uäh•ˆä»Ñ€‚Wetherspoonså…¬å¸çš„首å¸æ‰§è¡Œå®˜¾U¦ç¿°â€¢å“ˆç‰ÒŽ(gu¨©)£®è¡¨ç¤ºåQŒæ¤ä¸¾æ¯òq´å°†èŠ‚çœ7000ä¸‡æ ¹å¡‘æ–™å¸ç®¡åQŒä»Žå®¢æˆ·é‚£é‡Œå¾—到的å馈也“éžå¸¸ç§¯æžâ€ã€?
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Offering alternatives or making plastic straws optional, rather than banning them outright, is a common trait among these campaigns. "We do not want to make people feel bad for needing or even wanting to use a straw in their drink," said Jackie Nunez, founder of The Last Plastic Straw. æ供塑料å¸ç®¡çš„替代å“åQŒæˆ–者将塑料å¸ç®¡å˜äØ“å¯é€‰é¡¹åQŒè€Œä¸æ˜¯å®Œå…¨ç¦æ¢ï¼Œæ˜¯è¿™¾cÀL´»åŠ¨çš„æ™®é特å¾ã€‚“最åŽä¸€æ ¹å¡‘料帽Ž¡â€è¿åŠ¨çš„创始人æ°åŸºâ€¢åŠªæ¶…æ–¯è¯ß_¼šâ€œæˆ‘们ä¸æƒŒ™®©äºÞZ»¬å› äؓ需è¦æˆ–惌™¦ç”¨å¸½Ž¡å–饮料而感åˆîC¸ç—›å¿«ã€‚â€?
"There are many other viable alternatives to single-use plastic drinking straws that are less harmful to the environment, wildlife and humans," she said. 她说åQšâ€œæœ‰å…¶ä»–许多对环境ã€é‡Žç”ŸåŠ¨ç‰©å’Œäººç±»æ›´æ— 害的å¯è¡Œé€‰æ‹©å¯ä»¥æ›¿ä»£ä¸€‹Æ¡æ€§å¡‘料帽Ž¡ã€‚â€?
Some people use straws to reduce the damage of sugary or acidic drinks to their teeth, or due to special requirements. "There are disabled people who write me to tell me they carry reusable straws with them -- many reusable straws even come with a carrying case," said Cress. "There are reusable glass, stainless steel, copper, bamboo, and several other kinds of reusable straws." 有些äºÞZؓ了é™ä½Žå«¾p–或酸性饮料对牙é‹É的伤å®Ïxˆ–其他ç‰ÒŽ(gu¨©)®Šéœ€æ±‚而ä‹É用帽Ž¡ã€‚“有些ä¸å¾—ä¸ç”¨å¸½Ž¡çš„人写信告诉我åQŒä»–们éšíw«æºå¸¦å¯åå¤ä½¿ç”¨çš„帽Ž¡â€”—许多这¿U帽Ž¡è¿˜è‡ªå¸¦æ”¶çº³ç›’，â€å…‹é›äh–¯è¯ß_¼Œâ€œçŽ°åœ¨æœ‰å¯åå¤ä‹É用的çŽÈ’ƒå¸ç®¡ã€ä¸é”ˆé’¢å¸ç®¡ã€é“œå¸ç®¡ã€ç«¹å¸ç®¡åQŒè¿˜æœ‰å¥½å‡ ç§å…¶ä»–¾cÕdž‹çš„帽Ž¡å¯å¤šæ¬¡ä½¿ç”¨ã€‚â€?
By not demonizing the straw as an object, he thinks activists can hope to achieve better goals. "I am not out to ban straws. I think it's much more effective to encourage people to make the choice not to use them. Voluntary participation encourages people to spread the word. Forcing people to do things is not always the most effective way to make a change." 他认为，如果ä¸å°†å¸ç®¡˜q™ä¸ªç‰©å“妖é”化，å帽Ž¡æ´»åŠ¨æœ‰æœ›è¾¾åˆ°æ›´é«˜çš„ç›®æ ‡ã€‚â€œæˆ‘ä¸èµžæˆç¦æ¢å¸½Ž¡ã€‚我认äؓ鼓励äºÞZ»¬é€‰æ‹©ä¸ç”¨å¸ç®¡ä¼šæœ‰æ•ˆå¾—多。自愿的å‚与会鼓åŠ×ƒhä»¬ä¼ æ’ä¿¡æ¯ã€‚强˜q«äh们去åšäº‹ä¸ä¸€å®šæ˜¯è¾¾æˆæ”¹å˜æœ€æœ‰æ•ˆçš„æ–¹å¼ã€‚â€?
